AI data centers drink 264 billion gallons amid historic U.S. drought
AI data centers are consuming an estimated 264 billion gallons of water annually, a significant concern amplified by a historic drought in the United States. In Tennessee, a state facing severe runoff levels, residents have expressed opposition to an AI supercomputer project, citing harmful pollution from its generators. Water consumption related to AI is expected to increase.
Artificial intelligence data centers are currently consuming an estimated 264 billion gallons of water per year, a figure that is projected to increase significantly. This high water usage is particularly concerning as the United States faces a historic drought and anticipates a 'super' El Niño summer.
While AI currently accounts for about 20% of total data center water consumption, its contribution is expected to grow. Data from market research firm Mordor Intelligence, reported by Barchart, suggests that overall data center water consumption in 2025 will equal the annual usage of approximately 1.8 million Americans, with daily consumption matching the entire world's bottled water industry volume.
The United Nations University has also highlighted the global environmental impact of AI, urging action to reduce strain on the climate. Despite some research suggesting no negative impact on house prices, residents near new data center developments across the country are expressing frustration and opposition.
Tennessee, a major hub for data centers, is particularly affected. Locals have voiced concerns over an AI supercomputer, reportedly owned by Elon Musk, alleging that its generators are causing harmful pollution and leaving residents 'struggling to breathe'. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) has reported that the state is experiencing its fourth-lowest runoff levels in 152 years, adding pressure as Musk plans to expand the facility, further increasing water and power demands.